I’m trying to stand up a Lemmy instance, and for some reason I’m just not getting it. I’ve got a fair bit of experience in Linux and Docker. NPM is new to me, but doesn’t seem difficult.

I’ve looked over several walkthroughs but it seems like they all don’t quite work right. Does someone have a clear step-by-step that works, or could take the time to remote in and help me get this up?

I’m running on VMWare ESXi, and I’ve tried both Debian and Ubuntu to get the server up. Closest I got, the Docker containers would start but seem to be throwing errors internally and don’t connect to one another.

    • TerryMathews@lemmy.worldOP
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      1 year ago

      I did. I could never get ansible to work when I was setting up the same machine. If you know how to set the inventory file up for that, I’m all ears.

  • sven@l.mchome.net
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    1 year ago

    Hopefully this will help someone. This seems to work for me. Subscribed communities update, I am able to post. I’m the only user right now on my server. NPM took me a bit of messing around with the config but I think I have everything working, some of this may be redundant / non functional but I don’t have the will to go line by line to see what more I can take out. Here is how I have it configured. Note that some things go to the Lemmy UI port and some to the Lemmy port. These should be defined in your docker-compose if you’re using that. (Mine is below)

    On the first tab in NPM, “Details” I have the following:

    Scheme: http
    Hostname: <docker ip>
    Port: <lemmy-ui port>
    Block Common Exploits and Websockets Support are enabled.
    

    On the Custom Locations page, I added 4 locations, you have to do one for each directory even though the ip/ports are the same.

    Location: /api
    Scheme: http
    Hostname: <docker ip>
    Port: <lemmy port>
    

    Repeat the above for “/feeds”, “/pictrs”, and “/nodeinfo”. The example file they give also says to have “.well_known” in there but as far as I know that’s just for Let’s Encrypt which NPM should be handling for us.

    On the SSL tab, I have a Let’s Encrypt certificate set up. Force SSL, HTTP/2 Support, and HSTS Enabled.

    On the Advanced tab, I have the following:

     location / {
    
       set $proxpass "http://<docker ip>:<lemmy-ui port>";
       if ($http_accept = "application/activity+json") {
    
         set $proxpass "http://<docker ip>:<lemmy-ui port>";`
       }
       if ($http_accept = "application/ld+json; profile=\"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams\"") {
         set $proxpass "http://<docker ip>:<lemmy-ui port>";
       }
       if ($request_method = POST) {
         set $proxpass "http://<docker ip>:<lemmy-ui port>";
       }
       proxy_pass $proxpass;
       
       rewrite ^(.+)/+$ $1 permanent;
        # Send actual client IP upstream
       proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
       proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
     }
    

    I probably should add in my docker compose file as well… I’m far from a docker expert. This is reasonably close to their examples and others I found. I removed nginx from in here since we already have a proxy. I disabled all the debug logging because it was using disk space. I also removed all the networking lines because I’m not smart enough to figure it all out right now. If you use this, look out for the < > sections, you need to set your own domain/hostname, and postgres user/password.

    version: "3.3"
    
    services:
      lemmy:
        image: dessalines/lemmy:0.17.3
        hostname: lemmy
        restart: always
        ports:
          - 8536:8536
        environment:
          - RUST_LOG="warn"
          - RUST_BACKTRACE=full
        volumes:
          - ./lemmy.hjson:/config/config.hjson:Z
        depends_on:
          - postgres
          - pictrs
    
      lemmy-ui:
        image: dessalines/lemmy-ui:0.17.4
        # use this to build your local lemmy ui image for development
        # run docker compose up --build
        # assuming lemmy-ui is cloned besides lemmy directory
        # build:
        #   context: ../../lemmy-ui
        #   dockerfile: dev.dockerfile
        ports:
          - 1234:1234
        environment:
          # this needs to match the hostname defined in the lemmy service
          - LEMMY_UI_LEMMY_INTERNAL_HOST=lemmy:8536
          # set the outside hostname here
          - LEMMY_UI_LEMMY_EXTERNAL_HOST=< domain name>
          - LEMMY_HTTPS=false
          - LEMMY_UI_DEBUG=true
        depends_on:
          - lemmy
        restart: always
    
      pictrs:
        image: asonix/pictrs:0.4.0-beta.19
        # this needs to match the pictrs url in lemmy.hjson
        hostname: pictrs
        # we can set options to pictrs like this, here we set max. image size and forced format for conversion
        # entrypoint: /sbin/tini -- /usr/local/bin/pict-rs -p /mnt -m 4 --image-format webp
        environment:
          - PICTRS_OPENTELEMETRY_URL=http://otel:4137
          - PICTRS__API_KEY=API_KEY
          - RUST_LOG=debug
          - RUST_BACKTRACE=full
          - PICTRS__MEDIA__VIDEO_CODEC=vp9
          - PICTRS__MEDIA__GIF__MAX_WIDTH=256
          - PICTRS__MEDIA__GIF__MAX_HEIGHT=256
          - PICTRS__MEDIA__GIF__MAX_AREA=65536
          - PICTRS__MEDIA__GIF__MAX_FRAME_COUNT=400
        user: 991:991
        volumes:
          - ./volumes/pictrs:/mnt:Z
        restart: always
    
      postgres:
        image: postgres:15-alpine
        # this needs to match the database host in lemmy.hson
        # Tune your settings via
        # https://pgtune.leopard.in.ua/#/
        # You can use this technique to add them here
        # https://stackoverflow.com/a/30850095/1655478
        hostname: postgres
        command:
          [
            "postgres",
            "-c",
            "session_preload_libraries=auto_explain",
            "-c",
            "auto_explain.log_min_duration=5ms",
            "-c",
            "auto_explain.log_analyze=true",
            "-c",
            "track_activity_query_size=1048576",
          ]
        ports:
          # use a different port so it doesnt conflict with potential postgres db running on the host
          - "5433:5432"
        environment:
          - POSTGRES_USER=< dbuser >
          - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=< dbpassword>
          - POSTGRES_DB=lemmy
        volumes:
          - ./volumes/postgres:/var/lib/postgresql/data:Z
        restart: always
    

    There’s another post over here https://fernchat.esotericmonkey.com/post/277 with a similar setup, less stuff in the Advanced tab. If I’m bad at explaining maybe another guide will help.

    • TerryMathews@lemmy.worldOP
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      1 year ago

      This worked for me, with one note:

      <dbuser> and <dbpassword> need to be lemmy and password if you’re using the stock lemmy.hjson file, or the lemmy_lemmy_1 container will get stuck in a reboot loop. There’s no define in the stock file in githubusercontent currently for those, so you have to add them by hand.

      For security, you have to change these.

  • TerryMathews@lemmy.worldOP
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    1 year ago

    So I wanted to make a top-level post: I’ve got a set of example files, and instructions, that will work 100% of the time on Debian. What do you guys think would be the best way to share them? A post here and the files shared on Google Drive? GitHub? Definitely open to suggestions, but I don’t want anyone to struggle with it as hard as I have.

    • ThorrJo@lemmy.sdf.org
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      1 year ago

      oh man. super valuable. I would love to have that, as setting up Lemmy on Debian 12 is in my near future.

      • TerryMathews@lemmy.worldOP
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        1 year ago

        Here we go:

        Example files

        Any place you see <something>, you need to change it to fit and omit the <>. If something <matches> in two differet places <matches> like this, make sure they match when you’re done as well. Specifically, the postgres user and password in the lemmy docker file and the lemmy.hjson.

        Finally, in Google drive the files end in .txt so you can view them. You’ll need to correct the file names when you download them if you intend to use them. You should have two docker-compose.yml, one in each of the two directories you create, and one lemmy.hjson.

        From a fresh CLI Debian 11 install:

        su
        /sbin/usermod -aG sudo <user>
        groups <user>
        apt-get install sudo
        cd /opt
        mkdir npm
        cd npm
        (copy or create docker-compose.yml)
        apt-get install docker-compose
        docker-compose up -d
        cd /opt
        mkdir lemmy
        cd lemmy
        (copy or create docker-compose.yml and lemmy.hjson)
        mkdir -p volumes/pictrs
        chown -R 991:991 volumes/pictrs
        docker-compose up -d
        docker ps (verify containers are all running, grab ip address for lemmy container)
        Configure port forwarding in npm for your lemmy container (npm should be accessible at debian_ip_address:81)
        Remember to do the custom paths from the various guides. The lemmy port in this guide is 1234.
        

        Please note I am not addressing federation or SSL or true hosting yet. I haven’t got that far yet. But if you can get the damn thing running, the last mile shouldn’t be too bad.

        • ThorrJo@lemmy.sdf.org
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          1 year ago

          Thank you! This is helpful.

          I will probably be installing it bare metal atop Debian (no Docker), but this is still quite useful.

          BTW I think if you indent your list of commands by 4 spaces, it will render better:

          su
          /sbin/usermod -aG sudo <user>
          groups <user>
          apt-get install sudo
          cd /opt
          mkdir npm
          cd npm
          (copy or create docker-compose.yml)
          apt-get install docker-compose
          docker-compose up -d
          cd /opt
          mkdir lemmy
          cd lemmy
          (copy or create docker-compose.yml and lemmy.hjson)
          mkdir -p volumes/pictrs
          chown -R 991:991 volumes/pictrs
          docker-compose up -d
          docker ps (verify containers are all running, grab ip address for lemmy container)